ملزمة انكليزي للسادس الاعدادي اللاستاذ القدير جاسم محمد نايف الجنابي

أهم المترادفات
1-run = manage يدير
2-expenses = expenditures , costs تكلفة
3-represent = stand for تمثل
4-largely = to a great extant إلى حد كبير
5-extinguish = put out يطفئ
6-chance = opportunity فرصة
7-immediately = at once , sooner , as soon as حالا
8-caskets = boxes صناديق
9-temptation = appeal إغواء
10-conversation = talk حوار
11-no doubt = certainly بلا شك
12-implement = carry out ,fulfill ينفذ
13-enormous = huge , very large هائلة
14-severity = cruelty قساوة
15-penalty = forfeit غرامة
16-dressed in = wearing يرتدي
17-measurement = dimension أبعاد أو قياسات
18-run into = meet by chance يلاقي صدفة
19-elementary = simple , primary أولي ، بسيط
20-type = kind , sort نوع
21-quiet = calm هادئ
22-smother = put out يطفئ
23-responsible for = in charge of مسئول عن
24-manner = way طريقة
25-escape = run away هروب
26-for good = for ever إلى الأبد
27-reply = answer , response أجب
28-symbol = token , sign رمز
29-regret = be sorry of يندم
30-gradually = little by little , step by step تدريجيا
31-objects = things أشياء
32-method = way طريقة
33-circumstances = conditions ظروف
34-origin = source أصل
35-trade = commerce تجارة
36-record = put in writing يسجل
37-events = happenings أحداث
38-thus = in this way بهذه الطريقة
39-express = show by words يعبر
40-for ages = for a long time لمدة طويلة
41-recognize = know يعرف
42-make up one’s mind = decide يقرر
43-depart = leave يرحل
44-discover = find out كشف
45-choke = be unable to breathe يغص
46-actually = indeed , in fact في الحقيقة
47-tiny = too small to be seen صغير جدا بحيث لا يرى
48-in the course of = during خلال
49-examine = look at carefully , test يفحص
50-shiver = shake يرتجف
51-throbbing = beating يدق
52-calm down = be quiet أهدأ
53-evidence = proof دليل ، برهان
54-portrait = picture صورة
55-long face = a sad face , frown متجهم
56-obvious = clear واضح
57-fortnight = two weeks أسبوعين
58-reject = refuse يرفض
59-courageous = brave , hero شجاع
60-tradesman = merchant تاجر
61 -or else = otherwise و إلا
62-announce = declare يعلن
63-reputation = fame شهره أو سمعة
64-haste = hurry يسرع
65-satisfied = content مقتنع
66-grant = give , award يمنح
67-properly = correctly بشكل صحيح
68-prosperity = welfare رفاهية
69-idea = thought , opinion فكرة
70-sack = dismiss يطرد من الخدمة
71-simply = merely , only ببساطة ، بمجرد
72-come up with = get at , produce يتوصل إلى
73-mansion = great house قصر أو بيت كبير
74-disclose = uncover , reveal , unmask يكشف
75-patient = sick person مريض
76-tightly = firmly بشدة أو بأحكام
77-pity = mercy , sympathy عطوف ، رحيم
78-postpone =put of , adjourn يؤجل
79-legally = according to law وفقا للقانون
80-take place = happen يحدث
81-asphyxia = suffocation اختناق
82-thump = beat يضرب
83-essential = necessary , important ضروري
84-for instance = for example على سبيل المثال
85-fracture = broken bone كسر
86-reduce = make less , decrease , lessen يقلل
87-grateful = thankful ممتن
88-position = job , post منصب
89-faith = belief معتقد
90-regarded = considered يعتبر
91-out of sorts = in a bad mood في مزاج سيء
92-well-known = famous مشهور
93-gently = tightly برفق
94-pardon = for give , excuse يعفو
95-char = to become black by burning يصبح أسود ، يتفحم
96-confess = acknowledge يعترف
97-charge = accuse تهمة
98-reproach = blame يلوم
99-raise = collect , lift يجمع
100-worthy = deserve يستحق
101-replace = compensate , substitute يحل محل أو يعوض
102-persuade = convince يقنع
103-frankly = clearly , openly بصراحة
104-besides = in addition to بالإضافة إلى
105-in different = pay no attention to لا أبالي ، غير مكترث
106-farewell = good bye وداعا
107-trembling = shiver , shake يرتجف
108-kidnap = hijack أستضاف
109-anticipation = expectation توقع
110-inclination = tendency نزغه ، ميل
111-bankrupt = moneyless مفلس
112-sympathy = kindness , pitiness تعاطف
113-corrupt = impure فاسد
114-seek = look for يبحث عن
115-give up = quiet , leave يتخلى عن
116-determined = resolve مصمم
117-instant = moment لحظة
118-ceremony = services مراسيم ، احتفالات
119-arrest = capture , detain يعتقل
120-be ware = take care احذر
121-deny = ignore ينكر ، يتجاهل
122-foreigners = strangers أجانب
123-unfortunate = unlucky غير محظوظ
124-task = mission مهمة
125-ferry = boat زورق
126-restrain = curb يكبح
127-coach = carriage عربة
128-estimation = guess تخمين
129-applaud = clap , hail يصفق
130-grief = sadness حسرة
131-plot = conspiracy مؤامرة
132-offend = degrade , humiliate يذل ، يعتدي
133-fastened = tightened مربوط
134-particular = meticulous جدير بالذكر
135-function = job وظيفة
136-operate = work يشغل
137-expand = widen , enlarge يوسع
138-latent = hidden كامن
139-get in touch with = contact يبقى على اتصال مع
140-catch up with = compensate يعوض عن ما فات
141-on me = I have got عندي
142-keen on = fond of مولع بـ
143-sense of humour = joyfulness روح الفكاهة
144-up to = want يريد
145-do up = clean , repair , mend ينظف ، يرمم
146-loneliness = being alone الشعور بالعزلة أو الوحدة
147-shipment = consignmentشحنة أو أرسالية
148-famine = starvationمجاعة
149-drought = lack of water جفاف
150-turn up = attend يحضر
151-step on someone’s toe يدوس على قدم أحدهم
152 -tip toed = walk secretlyيمشي خفية
153-temperament = mood مزاج
154-sentimental = emotionalعاطفي
155-sensible = reasonableمعقول
156-promising = hopeful يبشر بالخير
157-menace = danger مصدر خطر
158-exceed = surpassيتجاوز
159-draught تيار
160-appendix الزائدة الدودية
161-survivorناجون
162-conference = meeting مؤتمر
163-out of sorts = in a bad temper منحرف المزاج
164-got fed up = got bored ملّ

أمثلة على المترادفات
1-Write the number of the item in list A and the words or phrases in List B that have their meaning :-

List A :1- immediately . 2- essential . 3- simply . 4- obvious . 5- or else .
List B :a- merely . b- clear . c-otherwise . d-at once . e- necessary . f- curious .
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2-List A:1- Stealing . 2- chance . 3- largely . 4- famous . 5- trade .
List B : a- well-known . b- opportunity . c- theft . d- commerce . e- to a great extant . f- current .
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3-List A :1-Stand for . 2- profit . 3- examine . 4- forfeit . 5- haste .
List B :a- look at carefully . b- penalty . c- represent . d- hurry . e- interest . f- deposit .
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4-List A :1- types . 2- idea . 3- properly . 4- events . 5- thus . 6- escape . 7- express . 8- for ever . 9-manner . 10- responsible for . 11- gradually . 12 – refuse . 13 –recognize .
List B :a- correctly . b- run away . c- kinds . d- happenings . e- for good . f- way . g- in charge of . h- thought . i- put in words . j- know . k- disapprove .

Confusing Words الكلمات المحيرة

1-An ------ is the space between two meeting lines . (angel , angle , ankle , uncle ).
2-Every one ------- him to stop smoking but he refused that . (devised , advised , advice , deserved).
3-This book is ------- at any book shop . (comfortable , capable , convertible , available).
4-A ------ is a detailed record of payments and withdrawals .(cheque book, note-book ,passbook ,copybook ).
5-Inoculation is the injection of ------- germs in the body . (stale ,still , stall , stole ).
6-Shylock considered the bond as a ------- for Antonio to revenge himself upon him .(bate , bite , bait , beat).
7-She came with a ------ in her hand . (hat , hate , hot , heat ).
8-She gave him a box ------- of jewels . (file , fall , fail ,full )
9-Bassanio ------ to try his choice because he loved Portia dearly .(existed , exacted , excited , insisted ).
10-He is walking ------- the street . (though , thorough , through , thought ).
11-Nerrisa tried to ------- Portia when she felt depressed .(import ,comfort , depart , export ).
12-She left the work with her old master because of the ------- treatment.(severe , serve , service , reserve).
13-Don’t be ------- by outside appearances . (received , deceived , deserved , perceived ).
14-This house is for ------- .(sell , sold , sale , sail ).
15-Eye-treas is a ------ of sadness .(simple , sample , symbol , ample ).
16-He couldn’t pay the ------ on the exact time . (doubt , debt , depth , death ).
17-I asked him to ------ his voice . (rays , rise , raise , rice ).
18-He paid the ------- without any interest . (lion , line , loan , lean ).
19-She was ordered to ------- up smoking . (quite , quiet , quick , quit ).
20-The Al-phabetic writing is of Semitic -------. (region , origin , organ , again ).
21-They ------- him to be a pilot . (carriage , courage , encouraged , changed ).
22-He was ------ of stealing the bank .(excuse , cause , accused , because ).
23-He was sentenced to ------- imprisonment . (live , life , love , leave ).
24-We used water to ------- the heat of burned part .(lesson , lessen , listen , lasted ).
25-You should ------- your hand before you talk .(rise , race , raise , rose ).
26-He ------ promotion because he is full of activity . (preserves , reserves , deserves , perceives ).
27-He is clever , ------ he is strong . (beside , besides , outside , inside ).
28-He has no ------- to leave the job . (attention , intention , intended , attaining ).
29-He offered him a ------ in the cinema . (site , sat , seat , sit ).
30-He can’t ------ the fire because he has no water . (extinguish , distinguish , expansion , linguistics ).
31-He solved the problem in ------- method .(fraternal , internal , eternal , external ).
32-He is holding a ------ in his hand . (hate , hat , hit , hot ).
33------- is caused by germs . (affection , infection , deflection , reflection ).
34-He got the ------- because of his laziness . (sick , sack , sank , seek ).
35-He is on a -------- since last month . (diet , date , dot , dean ).
36-Close the door , There is a cold ------- coming in . (draught , drought , draft , dropped ).
37-Every one was ------- by the news of the victory . (existed , excluded , excited , extended ).
38-You can’t pass the examination without working hard , So don’t ------ yourself .(receive , deceive , conceive , perceive ).
39-They couldn’t eat the bread because it was -------- . (stall , stale , steal , start ).
40-The train is travelling at the -------- of 50 miles an hour .(rent , rat , rate , ratio ).
41-She tries to ------- her friend’s sadness . (lessen , lesson , loosen , loss ).
42-The last football match was very ------- . (exciting , existing , excluding , extinguish).
43-It was very dark , So I couldn’t ------- them . (distinguish , extinguish , astonish , punish ).
44-We have ------ all the paper in the shop. (ran into ,ran away , run out )
45-This accident ------ last night . (took place ,took part )
46-Famine is caused by the ------ of rains .(luck, lack , lock )
47-Please ------- me . (fellow , follow , flow , flew )
48-He ate heavy ------. (meals , mail , mile )
49-They ------ the fire at once .(put on , put out , put in )
50-Nerrissa was a faithful ------.(made , mood , mad , maid )
51-The nurse ------- the patients .(looks for, looks after , looks at )
52-The policeman will ------ the thief . (size , seize , seas )
53-He is a man of good ------ . (talent , latent ,)
54-The ------ in this restaurant is very bad . (surface , service , serve )
55-He had someone to cut his -----.
56-The ----- system of inoculation has developed .(whole, hole, hall , head )
57-She has got a ------ hair . (died , diet ,dyed )
58-Don’t touch that ----- wire .(lose, loose , loss , loosen )
59-It’s late . We have to ----- a taxi . (hair ,hire , heir , higher )
60-The Duke believes that the case was not ----- .(fair ,fare ,fire , fear )
61-You have lost some of your -------. (weigh ,wait ,white , weight )
62-A triangle is a ------ figure .(plain ,plane ,plant , planet )
63-Portia took the ------ of lawyer .(role , roll , rule ,ruler )
64-Wounds won’t ------ if they are not keep clean .(hell, heel , heal , hill)
65-They are helding their meeting at the ------.(hole , hall ,whole , wholly )
66-It has been raining on the ------ region .(hole ,whole , hall ,wholly )
67-Women ------ their hair to look younger .(dye , die , died , dyeing )
68-He choked with a big ------ of food .(lamp , lump , limp , limb )
69-Don’t eat that piece of cake , It’s ------.( stall , stale , still , style )
70-The weather is ------ wonderful today . ( quiet , quit , quite , quick )
71-A ------- is a person who is in his first year in college . (freshman , fisherman )
72-Please ------ your voice so that I can hear you .(raise , rays , rise , rice )
73-We are reading the ------- merchant of Venice this year .(tale , tail , tell , till)
74-Suffecation is caused by a severe ------ .(coward ,crow , crown , crowd )
75-Antonio was unable to payback Shylock’s ------. (doubt , debt , adopt , adapt )
76-After they climbed ------,the ship began to move away.( abroad ,aboard ,board ,broad )
77. ------- is a solid figure having six equal square faces .(cub ,cube ,cup ,cope )
78-Do you ------ the train will arrive on time .( except, accept , expect ,escape )
79-He will be given ------ soon for his long service .(promotion , permission ,promising , prohibition )
80-Most schools are run ------ the government .(by , out of , away , into )
81-There is a big ------at the store .(sale , cell , sell , sail )
82-The red signal made me ------ suddenly .(brake , break )
83-Offer your ------ some ------ .(host , guest , guess )
84-You have to keep your broken ------,----- still . (lamp ,limp ,lump ,quiet ,quite ,limb)
85-A ----- has the ability to divide .(sell , cell , sale , sail )
86-He looks ------ .(bored , board , broad , aboard )
87-We should ------ a person choking with a ------ of food on the back .(thumb ,thump ,lamb ,lamp )
تمارين في المتعاكسات
أهم المتعاكسات
1- Straight × curved
2-Living × dead
3-Prevent × allow , permit
4-Refuse × accept , agree , approve
5-Major × minor
6-Wise × foolish , silly
7-Spend × save
8-Strong × weak
9-Win × lose
10-Put on × take of
11-Close × far form
12-War × peace
13-Innocent × guilty
14-Proud × humble
15-Friend × enemy
16-Profit × loss
17-Asleep × awake
18-Far , distant × near
19-Diffecult × easy
20-Loose × tight
21-Beautiful × ugly
22-Cause × effect
23-Gain × loss
24-Start × finish
25-Complecaited × simple
26-Expensive × cheap
27-Married × single
28-Borrow × lend
29-Bording × interesting
30-Failure × success
31-Puplic × private
32-Include × exclude
33-Arrest × set free release
34-Increase × decrease
35-Different × similar
36-Ancient × modern , new
37-Firm × flexible
38-Blessing × curse
39-Brave × coward
40-Love , like × hate , dislike
41-Fat × thin
42-Narrow × wide
43-By cheque × in cash
44-Top × bottom
45-Current account × deposit account
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e.g /Write the number of the item in list A and the word or words in list B that have opposite meaning :-
List A: 1-war . 2-profit . 3-top . 4-borrow . 5-spend .
List B : a-lend . b-peace . c-loss . d-curved . e-bottom . f-save.
بعض الاشتقاقات المهمة

1-بإضافة en في بداية الكلمة لتحويل الصفة إلى فعل :
1-able→enable
2-rich→ enrich
3-large →enlarge
4-danger→endanger
5-force→enforce
6-courge→encourge
7-sure →ensure

2- إضافة en إلى الكلمة لتتحول إلى فعل :

1-Short→shorten
2-Long→longen
3-Tight→tighten
4-Red→redden
5-Sad→sadden
6-Sharp→sharpen
7-Soft→soften
8-loose→loosen
9-less→lessen
10-Deep→deepen
11-Wide→widen
12-Fast→fasten
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اشتقاقات بتحويل الصفات إلى أسماء بـ ness
happy→ happiness
careless→ carelessness
lazy→ laziness
thick→ thickness
sad → sadness
dark → darkness
fat → fatness
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اشتقاقات بـ tion لتحويل الفعل إلى أسم :
Produce → production
Intend → intention
Educate → education
Prohibit → prohibition
Solve → solution
Compose → composition
Contribute → contribution
tempt→ temptation

اشتقاقات بـ sion لتحويل الفعل إلى أسم :
decide→ decision
posses→ possession
divide→ division
complete→ completion

اشتقاقات بـ ation لتحويل الفعل إلى أسم :
Civilize → civilization
Nationalize → nationalization
Invite → invitation
Imitate→ imitation
Hesitate → hesitation

اشتقاقات بـ cation لتحويل الفعل إلى أسم:
Simplify →simplification
Classify → classification
Identify → identification
Imply → implication
Satisfy→ satisfaction
Ratify → ratification
Clarify → clarification
Testify→ testification

اشتقاقات بـ ify للتحويل إلى فعل:
Simple → simplify
Clear → clarify
Class → classify

اشتقاقات بـ ty لتحويل الصفات إلى أسماء:
Difficult → difficulty
Possible → possibility
Capable → capability
Necessary→ necessity
Severe → severity
Cruel→ cruelty
Enemy→ enmity
Hostile → hostility
Generous → generosity
Flexibility → flexibility
اشتقاقات أسماء بـ dom:
Wise → wisdom
Free→ freedom
King → kingdom

اشتقاق أسم من فعل باضافة ure:
Fail → failure
Press→ pressure
Please → pleasure
Create → creature

اشتقاق أسماء باضافة y:
poor→ poverty
recover → recovery
deliver → delivery
discover → discovery
difficult → difficulty
robe → robbery
beautiful → beauty
health→ healthy
rain→ rainy
cloud→ cloudy

التحويل إلى صفات باضافة ful:
Beauty → beautiful
Use → useful
Mercy → merciful
Help→ helpful
Care → careful
Wonder → wonderful
Awe → awful
Harm → harmful
Joy → joyful
Cheer → cheerful
Play → playful
Dread → dreadful
Pain→ painful
Fear→ fearful
Faith → faithful
Law→ lawful
أهم أسئلة الاشتقاقات
Complete the following by writing the correct form of the word given in brackets .
1-You must put your ------ on the bottom of the cheque . (sign )
2-Avoid any ------ when you have a broken bone . ( move )
3-Suffecation and severe bleeding need immediate ------ .(treat )
4-We have many ------ resources in Iraq . (nature )
5-Serious ------ must be stopped quickly . (blood )
6-Suffecation is caused by breathing a ------ gas .(poison )
7-First degree burns ------ the skin . (red )
8-He discovered a ------- theory . (science )
9-He is well-known for his ------ . (generous )
10-Avoid the ------ of the devil .(tempt )
11-He saw many ------ places . (history )
12- He made a great ------- in his study . (succeed )
13-The workers increased the ------ . (produce )
14-They held many ------ during the meeting .(discuss )
15-She made her ------ to leave the service . (decide )
16-We paid a lot of ------ to his family .(attend )
17-Before his ------ he had signed the bond . (depart )
18-Because of his ------ she refused to marry him .(poor )
19-Nada made a great ------- in medicine . (discover)
20- ------- the driver was not injured in the accident . (luck )
21-The headmaster made an ------- of tasks for running the school .(allocate )
22-Usurers demand heavy ------ on loans .(pay )
23-His face ------ on hearing his success. (bright )
24-Most of us are deceived by his -------. (appear )
25-He is a ------ man . (play )
26-Flood causes great ------ of life . (losses )
27-This building was ------ intended to be a hospital . (origin)
28-A passbook is a record of payments and ------. (withdraw )
29-He worked as a ------ for six year . (sail )
30-All the staff left the office ------- the manager . (include )
31-My father ------ me to get high mark . (courage )
32-He expressed his ------ with my answer in the exam .(satisfy )
33-I’m ------ sorry for being late .(awe )
34-He likes the ------ life . (peace )
35-The nurse gave the patient another ------ . (inject )
36-This medicine lessens blood -------. (press )
37-A judge’s first aim is ------ . (just )
38-You have to make an accurate ------ exam . (medicine )
40-His ------ is caused by ignorance . (fail )
41-She made a great ------- in science . (discover )
42-They are waiting for his ------- . (arrive )
43-Ali is a ------ ruler . (mercy )
44-The bandage should be ------ firmly . (tight )
45- Success can’t be ------- without hard studying . (sure )
46-They ------- him to solve the problem . (able )
47-Shylock began to ------ his life during the trial . ( sharp )
48-I saw the ------ in his room . (type )
49-He has no ------- to miss her . (intend )
50-He is a good ------ . (serve )
51-I like to be ------- I always arrange the books ----- on the shelf . (care )
52-She is a ------ woman . (suspect )
53-Smoking is ------ near petrol-station . (forbid )
54-The teacher laughed at his ------ mistake . (fool )
55-This teacher tried to ------- the problem . (simple )
56-This street leads you ------- to the station . (direct )
57-Their ------ soon turned into a violent quarrel . (argue )
58-He came to a ------ that his friend was brave . (conclude )
59-The Arab woman has a great ------ in the Arab battles . (contribute )
60-This box is filled with ------ material . (chemistry )
61-Cultures are ------- grown germs . (art )
62-He is an ------ man . His ----- is known to everybody . (ignore )
63-Long ------ to the sun causes a sunburn . (expose )
64-His wife’s ------ has made him miserable . (jealous )
65-Teachers should give their students a ------ about their future life .(guide )
66-Don’t believe him , he is a big ------ . (lie )
67-Sorry , you have made the wrong ------ . (choose )
68-Some suitors refuse to base their ------ on the luck of the caskets . (marry )
69-They were ----- with their son’s success . (please )
70-He accepted my invitation with ------. (please )
71-Antonio was famous for his ------ and ------ . (kind , generous )
72-Bassanio was a young ------ nobleman . (Venice )
73-His ----- was unexpected . (depart )
74-Bassanio exhausted his ----- foolishly . (inherit )
75-Antonio asked Bassanio to mention his name as a ----- . (secure )
76-It’s easy to give an ------ but it’s difficult to excepted . (advise )
77-Doctors work for the ------ of patient . (relieve )
78-Bassanio needed the money ------ . (urgent )
79-The police found a strong ------ against the thief . (prove )
80-The ------ of this building is about 10 meters . (high )
81-She keeps a ------ of flowers in her garden . ( vary )
82-The poor need a lot of ------. (assist )
83-Cheese , butter and cream can be ------ as a dairy product . (classify )
84-The child was so ------ that she wished to have him as her son . (love )
85-If you don’t tell the ------ nobody is going to believe you .(true )
86-I haven’t much ------ in his honesty . (believe )
87-Dogs have strong ------ towards cats . (hate )
88-Driving slowly on rainy days will ensure your ----- . (safe )
89-He is a man of great ------ .(wise )
90-The weather was ------ yesterday . (awe )
91-He listened to the ------ silently . (argue )
92-We must ------ children to depend on themselves . (courage )
التهجي و الاضافات Spelling and Suffixes
1-تحذف الـ e الاخرية الصامتة اذا أضيف لها مقطع يبدأ بحرف علة :-
Write + ing → writing
Love + able → lovable
Continue + ous → continuous
Noise + y → noisy
Stone + y → stony
Simple + y → simply
2-تبقى الـ e الاخرية الصامتة اذا أضيف لها مقطع يبدأ بحرف صحيح كما في الأمثلة التالية:-
Hate + ful → hateful
Arrange + ment → arrangement
Nine + ty → ninety
Safe + ty → safety
و لكن لاحظ الشواذ But note
Wise + dom → wisdom
Argue + ment → argument
Awe + ful → awful
Whole + ly → wholly
True + ly → truly
Nine + th → ninth
Wide + th → width
3-اذا انتهت الكلمات بـ ce or ge و أضيف لها مقاطع تبدأ بـأحد الحرفين a or o ، تبقى الـ e الاخرية كما في الأمثلة الاتية :-
Notice + able → noticeable
Manage + able → manageable
Courage + ous → courageous
Advantage + ous → advantageous

But note و لكن لاحظ الشواذ
Practice + able → practicable
Practice + al → practical
4- الأفعال المنتهية بـ ie يقلبان إلى y عند اضافة ing كما في الأمثلة التالية :-
Die + ing → dying
Tie + ing → tying
Lie + ing → lying
مضاعفة الحرف الصحيح الأخير
1-في الكلمات ذات المقطع الواحد ( فيها حرف علة واحد ) يضاعف الحرف الصحيح الأخير اذا أضيف لها مقطع يبدأ بحرف علة اذا سبقه حرف علة واحد كما في الأمثلة التالية :-
Stop stopped stopping
Beg begged begging beggar
Fit fitted fitting fitter
Win ____ winning winner
2- في الكلمات ذات الاكثر من مقطع و المنتهية بحرف صحيح واحد مسبوق بحرف علة واحد ، يضاعف الحرف الصحيح الأخير اذا أضيف لها مقطع يبدأ بحرف علة شرط أن يكون التشديد على المقطع الأخير كما في الأمثلة الاتية :-
Begin beginning
Permit permitted
Forbid forbidden
Regret regrettable
Refer referred
3-في الكلمات ذات الاكثر من مقطع و المنتهية بالحرف ( L) يضاعف حرف الـ L اذا أضيف لها مقطع يبدأ بحرف علة حتى لو لم يكن التشديد على المقطع الأخير :-
Quarrel quarrelled
Jewel jeweller
Marvel marvellous
4- عند اضافة أي مقطع إلى كلمة تنتهي بالحرف y يقلب الـ y إلى I اذا سبقه حرف صحيح أما اذا سبقه حرف عله فأنه لا يتغير كما في الأمثلة التالية :-
Happy happiness
Tidy tidier
Cry cried
Play played
Enjoy enjoys
Joy joyful
5-بعض الصفات تشتق بإضافة ful كما في الأمثلة التالية :-
Use + ful → useful
Mercy + ful → merciful
Beauty + ful → beautiful
6- الاسماء المنتهية بالمقطع ance عند تحويلها إلى صفات تقلب إلى ant أما الاسماء المنتهية بـ ence فأنها تقلب إلى ent و العكس هو الصحيح كما في الأمثلة التالية :-
ent ence ant ance
absent absence important importance
different difference instant instance
evident evidence distant distance
silent silence arrogant arrogance
violent violence elegant elegance
innocent innocence ignorant ignorance
7-بعض الصفات تشتق بـأضافة able و بعضها الاخر بإضافة ible :-
Use + able → usable
Advise + able → advisable
Believe + able → believable
Change + able → changeable
Notice + able → noticeable
Agree + able → agreeable
Love + able → lovable
Value + able → valuable
Rely + able → reliable
Desire + able → desirable
Divide + able → divisible
Vision + able → visible
Desire + able → desirable
Sense + able → sensible

اشتقاق أسم من الفعل و أسم من الاسم بإضافة
er , or , ar
1-يمكن اشتقاق أسم من الفعل باضافة er مع مضاعفة الحرف الصحيح الأخير اذا سبقه حرف علة واحد في الكلمات ذات المقطع الواحد كما في الأمثلة الاتية :-
work worker
run runner
2-اذا انتهى الفعل بـ e آخرية نضيف r فقط عند تحويله إلى اسم مثل :-
Bake baker
Make maker
3-يمكن اشتقاق اسم من اسم باضافة er مع مضاعفة الحرف الصحيح الأخير اذا سبقه حرف عله واحد مثل :-
Garden gardener
Football footballer
Jewel jeweller
4- يمكن اشتقاق اسم من الفعل باضافة or مع حذف الـ e الاخرية إن وجدت كما في الأمثلة الاتية :-
Sail sailor
Act actor
Visit visitor
Conduct conductor
Create creator
Generate generator
Tail tailor
React reactor
Radiate radiator
Invent inventor
Direct director
Survive Survivor
5-يمكن اشتقاق أسم من الفعل باضافة ar كما في الأمثلة الاتية :-
School scholar
Beg beggar
Lie liar